Ancient Greece ecology and biology facts

• Empedokles postulated that plants take up their nutrition though pores in their leaves.

• Democrit of Abdera formulated the priciple of natural selection.

• Heraclit ”panta rhei“, ”nobody enters the same river twice”; early predecessor of the dynamical paradigm in ecology, as opposed to Parmenides for whom perceived change was only an illusion.

• Pythagoras advanced the idea of a natural harmony in the whole universe.

• Hippokrates discussed the influence on the environment on man, which lead him to his health concept.

• Herodotos (traveled in the then known world, such as Persia and Egypt, compiled information with natural historical contents, e.g. on crocodiles and associated plovers picking up the insect from their skin.

• Plato founder of providence ecology: harmony amongst animals and man, man and God.

• Aristotle has been called „father of animal ecology“: he studied behavior and habitat of birds, seasonal influence on reproduction, animal geography, hibernation and migration, colour change, feeding habits, and symbiosis -

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