Part 1 - Ancient Greece

Michael Lahanas

Culture

Life

Know yourself (gnothi seauton) [since] ... an unexamined life is not worth living, Socrates in Plato's Apology.

Whatever, in fact, is modern in our life we owe to the Greeks. Whatever is an anachronism is due to mediaevalism. Oscar Wilde

Life in ancient Greece was not so easy. Even Plato and Socrates had to fight and Socrates even was a war Hero. Only for short periods it was a peaceful life possible. Answers to questions such as how much did a house cost in Athens, did the Greeks learn foreign languages, etc. The word for dance is orcheomai, coming orchos or orchatos, i.e. trees in a row, which the row of dancers resembled. The place where they danced was the orchestra, later the location of good seats close to the stage and where musical accompaniment was placed when necessary. This gave its name to the musicians themselves, which are now known as the orchestra. About Slavery Greeks use two different words doulos and sklabos and douleia in modern Greek means slavery but also work. There are many reports that stress the difference between douloi in Greece and slaves in Rome, and there is a truth in this. When Telemachos, the son of Odysseus, returns to Ithaca the slave girls are happy to see him and they kiss him, but Demosthenes says also that slaves are more likely punished physically than free men. The authors of Who killed Homer even say that America with Lincoln stopped slavery but replaced it with a system that treats many even worse than slaves. I would not go so far but I would say that slaves are slaves and that as Euripides says: A free man?—There is no such thing! All men are slaves; some, slaves of money; some, of chance; others are forced, either by mass opinion, or the threatening law, to act against their nature.

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Art and Science are not completely independent. We need for example to know how to produce bronze and from this sculptures. The Greeks had nine muses, daughters of Zeus, each representing an Art form or a Science. With the advance of Greek Science we have also a development of perspective and realism in Art (starting with statues like the