Mathematician Stamps

L


  • Lagrange Joseph Louis (1736-1813)

Biography

Joseph-Louis Lagrange (1736-1813) worked in analysis, number theory, and celestial mechanics. He succeeded Euler at the Academy of Science in Berlin, but then moved on to the Paris Academy of Science. He was a co-founder of the Ecole Polytechnique, where he taught analysis. His major work is Mecanique analytique, applying analytical methods to the subject of mechanics. He didn't like illustrations in his publications.

Stamp France 1958


  • Lakanal

  • Lasker Emanuel (1868 – 1941)

Biography

Lasker is known as a Chess Champion for 27 years (1894 – 1921). His teacher was Hilbert. In 1933 he left the Nazi Germany. He was a member of the Sowjet Academy of Sciences. Stamp: Cuba 1978



  • Laplace Pierre Simon

Born: 23 March 1749 in Beaumont-en-Auge, Normandy, France
Died: 5 March 1827 in Paris, France



  • Lavrentev Mikhail Alekseevich

Born: 19 Nov 1900 in Kazan, Russia
Died: 15 Oct 1980 in Moscow, Russia


    Lavrentev is remembered for an outstanding book on conformal mappings and he made many important contributions to that topic. In the 1940s he developed the theory of quasi-conformal mappings which gave a new geometrical approach to partial differential equations. One of the major areas to which he applied this work was to hydrodynamics. The 1940s was a period of industrialization and construction and, after 1945, Lavrentev founded new areas of research in mechanics and applied physics which were aimed at laying the theoretical foundation necessary for the large construction projects of building dams, canals and bridges on the Volga, Dnieper and Don rivers.He also applied the theory of complex variables to other topics, in particular to non-linear waves. Other topics where he made substantial contributions where the theory of sets, the general theory of functions, and the theory of differential equations.

    Biography


  • Leibniz Gottfried Wilmhelm (1646-1716) Germany

Biography


Stamp: Germany 1966

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibnitz (1646-1716) developed a system of the calculus independently from Newton's, and was unjustly accused of plagiarism by Newton's followers. His notation flourished in Europe and is now generally used, while Newton's was preferred in England. German mathematician and rationalist philosopher--who, simultaneously with Newton, invented the differential and integral calculus. He was a widely talented and traveled individual--and kept up friendships and correspondences with a wide range of scientists, philosophers and political figures of the day. Leibniz was born and educated in Leipzig, eventually studying law at the University of Leipzig. From 1667 to 1672, he worked for the Elector of Mainz as a lawyer and diplomat. He traveled widely coming into close contact with a number of political and scientific luminaries of his day. In 1762 me traveled to Paris where he came into contact with Huygens, and Malbranche. His travels also took him to England (1673, 1676) and to Amsterdam (1673), where he spent time with Spinoza. During these days he began his work on the calculus. In 1676 he went to work as a librarian to the Duke of Brunswick, and took up work on a number of mechanical devices that utilized his mathematical and technical talents. But he also turned his attention to philosophy, completing works on metaphysics and systematic philosophy during the 1680s and 1690s. Both Newton and Leibnitz had "Big Hair."

  • Lobachevsky Nikolai Ivanovich


Born: 1 Dec 1792 in Nizhny Novgorod (was Gorky from 1932-1990), Russia
Died: 24 Feb 1856 in Kazan, Russia




Nikolai Lobachevsky (1792-1856) was a Russian mathematician who published the first non-Euclidean geometry, which does not make use of Euclid's fifth postulate, but treats Euclidean geometry as a special case.

Biography



  • Lomonossow


  • Lullo Raimondo (Lullus or Llull Ramon) (1234-1316)



Biography

In the 12-th and 13-th century there was an increases research to provide a proof of Gods existence with scientific methods. Lullo provided rules to consider the truth of various statements. His methods of logic were considered later by Leibnitz. Lullo died as he tried to extend Christian religion to north Africa. Also known as Doctor Illuminatus; Ramon Llull; Ramon Lull; Ramon Lullus; Raymond Lullus; Raymond Lully. Wrote over 300 works in Latin, Arabic and Catalan on theology, logic, philosophy; wrote fiction and poetry. Known as a alchemist, but had no training in occult arts, and invented his own Christian-based concepts to try to explain the alchemical mysteries. Reputed to have solved the "lead-into-gold" mystery; legend says he worked on it to finance missionary work. Had a small but devoted band of followers known as Lullists who continued their work after his death, though some of them drifted away from the Church in search of alchemical knowledge. His work in this area has been the source of controversy for centuries, and non-Christian occult groups have seen him as a "master" or whatever term they use.

Died c.1315; some writers indicate he was martyred by stoning in Tunis, but there is no evidence for it; may have died of natural causes during the return ocean voyage from Tunis; buried at the church of San Francisco, Palma, Mallorca, Spain



Stamp: Spain 1963


  • Luzin Nikolai Nikolaievich

Born: 9 Dec 1883 in Irkutsk, Russia
Died: 25 Feb 1950 in Moscow, USSR


    Biography

    Luzin's main contributions are in the area of foundations of mathematics and measure theory. He also made significant contributions to descriptive set topology. Luzin was born in Irkutsk, and his birthplace was not, as is incorrectly stated in a number of sources, Tomsk. Nikolai's father was a businessman, half Russian and half Buryat. Nikolai was the only son of his parents and the family moved to Tomsk when he was about eleven years old so that he could attend the Gymnasium there. One might expect that Nikolai would have shown a special talent for mathematics at the Gymnasium, but this was far from the case- This was because the system of instruction ... was based on mechanical memory: it was required to learn the theorems by heart and to reproduce their proofs exactly. For Luzin this was torture. His progress in mathematics at the Gymnasium became worse and worse, so that his father was obliged to engage a tutor ... Fortunately the tutor was a talented young man who quickly discovered that, despite Luzin's poor performance in mathematics, he could solve hard problems but often using a novel method that the tutor had never seen before. Soon the tutor had shown Luzin that mathematics was not a subject where one had to learn long lists of facts, but a topic where creativity and imagination played a major role.


  • Lyapunov Alexandr Mikhailovich

Born: 6 June 1857 in Yaroslavl, Russia
Died: 3 Nov 1918 in Odessa, Russia