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Isidore (or Isidorus) of Miletus (Ισίδωρος ο Μιλήσιος) was an architect with Anthemius of Tralles of Hagia Sophia in Constantinople. There had been a large basilica church built in the 4th century and dedicated to Holy Wisdom in Constantinople; during the Nika riots of 532 that building was burned down. Justinian I decided to rebuild it. Isidore of Miletus had earlier taught physics at Alexandria and then later at Constantinople, and had written a commentary on earlier books on building. Recently Volker Hoffmann and Nikolaos Theocharis claimed that there is a mathematical model behind the Hagia Sophia based on the so-called analemma, a circle inscribed in a square which is inscribed in a circle.
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